A-line: a term of LUS, horizontal reverberation artefact, reverberation(s) of the pleural line in Merlin space
A-profile: a term of LUS, finding of A-line(s) or O-line in Merlin space
AVA: aortic valve area
Avicenne sign: a term of LUS and analysis of the M mode recording, the movements in the chest wall produce changes in Key´s space, these changes are crossing the pleural line without any change in their pattern (i.e. there is neither lung slidung nor lung puls).
AxC: apical x-chamber view (e.g. A2C, A3C, A4C, A5C)
B-line: a term of LUS, vertical reverberation artefact in the Merlin space arising from the pleural line, laser-like, going deep without fading, deleting A-line when crossing it, moving with the lung sliding
B-profile: a term of LUS, finding of 3 or more B-lines in one Merlin space
Birroleau type: a term of LUS, hyperechoic Merlin space, but still drawn by artefacts, e.g. full of merging B-lines
BLUE points: a term of LUS, defined points on ventral chest wall used, e.g. in BLUE protocol
BLUE protocol: bed-side protocol of LUS for differential diagnostics of acute severe dyspnea in not hospitalised patients
C-profile: a term of LUS, finding of consolidation in Merlin space
Colour fluid sign: a term of LUS, (an)echoic space displayed in CFM showing the diffuse motion of its content points out to a liquid (not solid) character of this content
Curtain sign: a term of LUS, normal finding where the aerated lung blocks the visualisation of the diaphragm and adjacent subdiaphragmatic parenchymatous organ during the inspiration
CW: continuous-wave Doppler
E-line: a term of LUS, horizontal or vertical artefact arising from the subcutaneous air (emphysema)
EPSS: E-point septal separation
I-line: a term of LUS, vertical reverberation artefact in the Merlin space arising from the pleural line, going deep with fading, highlighting the A-line when crossing it, moving with the lung sliding
Jellyfish sign – a waving tip of the consolidated lung, means that the elasticity of this lung is low (i.e. there is compression of the lung parenchyma due to effusion, this part of the lung is probably not inflammatory infiltrated)
Key´s space: a term of LUS, space above the pleural line and ribs
LUS: lung ultrasonography
LVOT: left ventricle outflow tract
MAPSE: mitral annular plane systolic excursion
Merlin space: space between two ribs deep to the pleural line
PDI: power doppler imaging
PISA: proximal isovelocity surface area
Plankton sign: a term of LUS describing particles moving inside the effusion, not only a cleary liquid content of the effusion (i.e. probably not a transudate)
PLAX: parasternal long-axis view
PLRT: passive leg raise test, a test simulating giving a fluid challenge to the patient (virtual fluid challenge)
PSAX: parasternal short-axis view
PW: pulsed-wave Doppler
Quad sign: a term of LUS, presence of the fluid in the space between parietal and visceral pleura and adjacent acoustic shadows behind the ribs
Seashore sign: a term of LUS, picture of the M mode describing unsteadiness in the Merlin space during respiration, documents the presence of lung sliding
Shred sign: a term of LUS describing not a smooth (regular) boundary between a consolidated and still aerated lung parenchyma. Sign of inflammatory aetiology of consolidation, e.g. pneumonia
Sinusoid sign: a term of LUS, presence of the fluid in the space between parietal and visceral pleura displayed in M mode as a separation of pleural space changing its diameter during respiration
SSAX: subxiphoid/subcostal short-axis view
Stratosphere sign: a term of LUS, picture of the M mode describing steadiness in the Merlin space during respiration, documents the absence of lung sliding
SxC: subxiphoid/subcostal x-chamber view (e.g. S4C, S5C)
T-line: a term of LUS, picture of the lung pulse seen in M mode
TAPSE: tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion
TDI: tissue Doppler imaging
THI: tissue harmonic imaging
VTI: velocity time integral
V sign: a term of LUS describing visible structures of the vertebral column above the diaphragm due to the absence of aerated lung above the diaphragm (e.g. due to pleural effusion or lung consolidation)
Z-line: a term of LUS, vertical reverberation artefact in the Merlin space arising from the pleural line or already above, highlighting the A-line when crossing and not moving with the lung sliding